In the above picture, the two forms of universal and particular of the concept of NASDAQ stock are used, and then four sentences are formed for their affirmation and negation. Give each sentence a picture for understanding.
Among these four propositions, some propositions can be derived from each other to derive another proposition. See the table below for details.
Proposition type
|
Other proposition types that can be derived
|
Example
|
A
|
E
|
NASDAQ stocks are publicly traded stocks in the United States.
Some publicly traded stocks in the
United States are NASDAQ stocks.
|
I
|
I
|
Some NASDAQ stocks are index stocks of the Nasdaq 100 Index.
Some index stocks of the Nasdaq 100
Index are NASDAQ stocks.
（Although
this sentence does not meet the usual language habits, it is still
established.）
|
E
|
E
|
NASDAQ stocks are not publicly traded stocks in the NYSE.
Publicly traded stocks in the NYSE are
not NASDAQ stocks.
|
It should be noted that O propositions cannot derive O propositions. For example, the following two sets of sentences are compared.
The first set of sentences is as follows:
- Some NASDAQ100 index stocks are not blue chips. (Original O proposition)
- Some blue chips are not NASDAQ100 index stocks. (The derived O proposition is established)
The second set of sentences:
- Some NASDAQ stocks are not index stocks of the NASDAQ100 index. (Original O proposition)
- Some NASDAQ100 index stocks are not NASDAQ stocks. (The derived O proposition cannot be established)
It can be seen from the second set of sentences that the O proposition cannot derive the O proposition.
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